Egyptian Civil to Julian Calendar Conversion Tables

Macedonian regnal years start in or near cells of this colour
29 Aiaru yr 13 [Bab] = 29 Daisios = 11 June 323 [=2 Pharmouthi yr 9]
Death of Alexander III

BM 45962

[13]

Philip III

[14]

Ptolemy I
(Macedonian)

[15]

Philip III: 7 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[16]

Hathyr yr 8
Last date of Philip III

pdem Bib Nat 219

[17]

2 Mecheir yr 1
First date of Alexander IV

pdem Loeb 27

[18]

Alexander IV

[19]

Alexander IV: 12 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[20]

Hathyr yr 13
Last date of Alexander IV

pdem Louvre 2427

[21]

Ptolemy I as pharaoh

[22]

Fudge day for Gregorian cenury not required here

[23]

Year 36 First Callippic Cycle 25 Poiseidion = 16 Phaophi = 20 Dec 295
Moon occults stars in Scorpio; observed by Timocharis

Timocharis in Ptolemy, Almagest 7.3

[24]

Year 36 First Callippic Cycle 15 Elaphebolion = 5 Tybi = 9 Mar 294
Moon occults Spica; observed by Timocharis

Timocharis in Ptolemy, Almagest 7.3

[25]

19 Payni year 14 Ptolemy I - 25 Mecheir year 13 Ptolemy II = 20 years 8 months 13 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Thenuhab

iBucheum 3

[26]

3 Phamenoth year 16 Ptolemy I - 26 Pharmouthi year 5 Ptolemy IV = 72 years 1 month 23 days
Birth, death and age of Anemhor II HPM

Vienna 153

[27]

1 Karkinon Year 1 = 26 June 285
Start of the Era of Dionysios

Ptolemy, Almagest 9.7+9.10+10.9+11.3

[28]

Ptolemy I: 20 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[29]

Proleptic coregency years

[30]

4 Phamenoth yr 21
Highest attested Egyptian date of Ptolemy I

pdem BM 10.537

[31]

Epeiph yr 21
Last Egyptian date of Ptolemy I

pdem BM 10.525

[32]

Ptolemy I as senior (retired) ruler

[33]

Year 47 First Callippic Cycle 8 Anthesterion = 29 Hathyr = 29 Jan 283
Moon occults stars in Pleiades; observed by Timocharis

Timocharis in Ptolemy, Almagest 7.3

[34]

Year 48 First Callippic Cycle a.d. 6 end Pyanepsion = 7 Thoth = 8 Nov 283
Moon touches Spica; observed by Timocharis

Timocharis in Ptolemy, Almagest 7.3

[35]

Ptolemy II: Accession-based years

[36]

Ptolemy II (Macedonian)
Coregency-based years

[37]

6 Tybi yr 2
Earliest date of Ptolemy II

pdem BM 10.530

[38]

14 Phamenoth year 11 [Ptolemy II] - 4 Tybi year 2 [Ptolemy V] = 69 [68] years 9 months 20 days
Birth, death and age of Kha'hapi, priest

Berlin 2118

[39]

Year 13 Ptolemy II [coregency count] 17 Mesore = 11 October 272
Venus "overtakes" h Vir.; reported by Timocharis

Timocharis in Ptolemy, Almagest 10.4

[40]

19 Payni year 14 Ptolemy I - 25 Mecheir year 13 Ptolemy II = 20 years 8 months 13 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Thenuhab

iBucheum 3

[41]

6/7 Pachon year 15 [accession-based] = new moon = 1/2 July 268
Death of Arsinoe II -- controversial

CCG22181 (Mendes Stele)+CCG22183 (Pithom Stele) + pBerol 13417A

[42]

29 Epeiph year 18 (Ptolemy II) - 23 Mecheir year 24 (Ptolemy III) = 43 years 6 months 29 days
Birth, death and age of Djedhor HPM

Vienna 154

[43]

Audnaios yr 18 (Mac.) = c. Nov/Dec 267
First mention of Ptolemy Nios

pSorb inv 2440

[44]

Hathyr yr 19
First Egyptian mention of Ptolemy Nios

pdem Louvre 2424

[45]

27 Choiak yr 19
Last date of Ptolemy II w/o Nios

gr dem Nedinet Habu 77

[46]

Start of financial year = 1 Mecheir
year 19 or 21 (extrapolated)

[47]

Ptolemy II: Coregency-based years

[48]

19 Loios yr 22 = 12 Epeiph yr 21

pdem Phil 14

[49]

19 Epeiph yr 26
Last mention of Ptolemy Nios

pChic Haw 6

[50]

28? Thoth year 27
First date of Ptolemy II w/o Nios

BGU 6.1227

[51]

Mesore yr 27 = 28

oStrab Gd 25

[52]

Thoth yr 28 = 28

oMed Habu 12

[53]

23 Artemisios yr 29 = 30 Pharmouthi

PSI 5.502

[54]

8/12/20/23 Hyperberetaios yr 29 = 9/13/21/24 Thoth

pCairZen 1.59105+PSI 5.497+pCairZen 1.59106+pCair 1.59107

[55]

4/24 Audnaios yr 29 = 4/24 Choiak

pCairZen 1.59120+1.59125

[56]

10/11 Periotios yr 29 = 10/11 Tybi yr 29
17 Tybi yr 29 = 29

UPZ 1.126+pCairZen 1.59125+oBod 1267

[57]

1/4/9 Dystros yr 29 = 1/4/9 Phamenoth

pCairZen 1.59132+2.59168+PSI 4.335

[58]

10 Artemisios yr 30 = 9 Pachon

pCairZen 2.59142

[59]

11 Daisios yr 30 = 1 Payni

pCairZen 2.59145

[60]

12 Panemos yr 30 = 2 Epeiph

pCairZen 2.59148

[61]

16 Loios yr 30 =13 Mesore

pRyl 4.560

[62]

3 Dios yr 30 = 23 Phaophi

pCairZen 2.59154

[63]

11/13/18 Dios yr 30 = 1/3/8 Hathyr

pColZen 1.31 + pCairZen 2.59155+2.59156+2.59157+2.59154

[64]

21 Appelaios yr 30 = 10 Choiak yr 30
20 Appelaios yr 30 = 10 Choaik yr 30

pCairZen 2.59162+PLBat 20.26

[65]

4 Audnaios yr 30 = 4 Tybi
26 Tybi yr 30 = 30

pCairZen 2.59162+oBibNat 1585

[66]

13? Peritios yr 30 = 3 Mecheir

pCairZen 1.59165

[67]

15 Xandikos yr 31 = 4 Pharmouthi

pColZen 1.32

[68]

20-24 Artemisios yr 31 = 10-14 Pachon
2/[14] Daisios yr 31 = 18/30 Pachon

pCairZen 2.59176+2.59177+2.59178

[69]

16/[25] Daisios yr 31 = 2/11 Payni

pCairZen 2.59180+pLond 7.1968

[70]

24/28 Loios yr 31 = 14/18 Mesore

pCairZen 2.59182+2.59184+2.59185

[71]

28 Peritios emb. Yr 31 = 6 Phamenoth
20/22/23 Dystros yr 31 = 27/29/30 Phamenoth

pCairZen 2.59199+2.59200+2.59201+2.59203+2.59204

[72]

Start of Second Callippic Cycle

[73]

26 Panemos yr 32 = 1 Mesore

SB 3.7263 = pLond 7.1973

[74]

20 Daisios yr 33 = 14 Payni

pCairZen 4.59562

[75]

Epeiph yr 32 = 33

oStrasGd 61

[76]

Choiak yr 33 = 33

pdem Louvre 2433

[77]

20 Mecheir yr 33 = 34

pdem Zen 3

[78]

22 Dios yr 34 = 29 Hathyr

SB 1.5942 = pFreib 1.7

[79]

28 Peritios yr 34 = 3 Phamenoth [yr 34]

PSI 5.514

[80]

28 Panemos yr 35 = 30 Epeiph

pMichZen 1.48

[81]

Start of accounts of 11 month yr followed by 5 years of 12 months => financial year starts on 1 Mecheir
Phamenoth yr 35 = 36

PSI 583+oBod 387

[82]

23 Artemisios yr 36 = 22 Pachon

pHib 1.77

[83]

9 Hyperbertaios yr 37 = 16 Phaophi

pCairZen 3.59327

[84]

17 Apellaios yr 37 = 21 Choiak
Choiak yr 37 = 37

pMichZen 1.54+odem Berl 10.806

[85]

Transition from FY 37 to FY 38

pPetr 3.109(b)

[86]

Phaophi yr 38 = 38

odem Berl 12.009

[87]

20 Pachons yr 38 = 39

pdem Lille 4

[88]

Ptolemy II: 38 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[89]

25 Dios year 1 [= c. 28 Jan 246 = c. 7 Choiak year 39]
Accession of Ptolemy III
10, 22 Choiak year 39
Last dates of Ptolemy II
Choiak first month of FY 1 of Ptolemy III

OGIS 56 (Canopus Decree) + pCairZen 3.59342 + BGU 6.1463 + pHamb 2.172

[90]

15 Tybi yr 1
First date of Ptolemy III

pLond inv 2747B

[91]

Transition from FY 1 to FY 2 of Ptolemy III

pHamb 2.172

[92]

10 Phamenoth yr 1
Last date of yr 1 of Ptolemy III

pHamb 1

[93]

Mac New year assumed to be 24/7 Dystros per Samuel
Short year 1 for Ptolemy III

[94]

26 Pachon yr 1 =2

oBod 2154 = Tait #24

[95]

Ptolemy III

[96]

Ptolemy III (Macedonian)

[97]

Xandikos yr 3 = Pachon
Pachon yr 2 = 3

pMichZen 66+odem Berl 10.744

[98]

Phaophi yr 3 = 3

pEleph 12

[99]

9 Phamenoth yr 4=5

pdem Lille 2

[100]

20 Pharmouthi yr 7=8

pHausw 2

[101]

11/22 Pachons yr 7=8

pHausw 2+9

[102]

2 Gorpaios yr 8 = 1 [30?] Phaophi

pTeb 814

[103]

Hathyr yr 8 = 8

p Phil 19

[104]

1 Payni yr 9 [Mac?] = 19 July 239 [or 238?]
Heliacal rising of Sirius

OGIS 56 (Canopus Decree)

[105]

6 Apellaios yr 9 = 17 Tybi

OGIS 56 (Canopus Decree)

[106]

Epeiph yr 9=10
taxes

pdem Lille 21

[107]

30 Epeiph yr 10=11
7 Epeiph yr 10 = lunar day 6 = 23 August 237
Year 10 Ptolemy III - Year 28 Ptolemy VIII = 95 years

oBod 2230=Tait #37 + Edfu VII.5+IV 7-9

[108]

Thoth yr 11=11

pPhil 20+21

[109]

5 Phamenoth yr 11=12

oPetrie 36 = Tait 82

[110]

Choiak yr 13=13

pMars 99

[111]

20 Epeiph year 13 [Ptolemy III] - 12 Payni year 8 Ptolemy IV = 18 years 5 [10] months 23 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of TaAmen
Epeiph yr 13=14

iBucheum 6+odem Louvre

[112]

Pharmouthi yr 14=15

pdem Loeb 2

[113]

20 Phamenoth yr 15=16

pTebt 279+pCairDem 30604

[114]

4 Gorpaios yr 16 = 11 Choiak

pPetr 3.53(s)

[115]

Phamenoth yr 16=18

odem Berl 1552

[116]

15 Audnaios yr 18 = 15 Epeiph
Epeiph yr 17=18

OGIS 59+odem Louvre 8031

[117]

20 Peritios Embolimos yr 20 = 17 Payni

SB 7631

[118]

16 Dystros yr 22 (21?) = 19 Payni

pGurob 2 (copy 2)

[119]

Thoth yr 23 = 23

pEleph 6

[120]

20 Phamenoth yr 23=24?

pEleph 26

[121]

22 Gorpaios yr 24 = 22 Choiak

pEnt 65

[122]

29 Epeiph year 18 (Ptolemy II) - 23 Mecheir year 24 (Ptolemy III) = 43 years 6 months 29 days
Birth, death and age of Djedhor HPM

Vienna 154

[123]

10 Appellaios yr 25 = 6 Pharmouthi

pPetri 2.2(2)

[124]

Peritios yr 25 or 26 = Payni

pTebt 815(3)V23

[125]

Artemisios yr 25 = Epeiph

pTebt 815(8)3

[126]

Xandikos yr 25 or 26 = Mesore
Artemisios yr 25 or 26 = Mesore

pTebt 815(6)1+815(12)

[127]

12 Panemos yr 25 (26?) = 1 Phaophi
Phaophi yr 25=25

pTebt 815(4)1+pEleph 10

[128]

26 Loios yr 25 = 13 Choiak
21 Gorpaios yr 25 = 21 Choiak

pEnt 75+pTebt 815(3)2

[129]

25 Mecheir (FY) 26 = 10 April 222

pdem Lille 1

[130]

Pachon [was read Tybi??] yr 25 = 26

pdem Lille 9

[131]

Dystros yr 26 = Epeiph
Xandikos yr 26 = Epeiph

pTebt 815(7)4+815(3)11

[132]

4 Mesore (FY) 26 = 16 September 222

pSorb 49

[133]

Ptolemy III: 25 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[134]

23 Daisios yr 26 = 5 Phaophi
7 Panemos yr 26 = 2[0] Phaophi
Last certain date of Ptolemy III

pEnt 25+97

[135]

Panenos yr 26 (25?) = 1 Hathyr
Hathyr yr 1
Earliest (restrospective) date of Ptolemy IV

pTebt 815(2)V4+pEnt 83

[136]

28/30 Gorpaios yr 1 = 12/13 Tybi

pEnt 8+47+65+83 etc

[137]

Apellaios yr 1 = Pachon

pSorb inv 2407

[138]

Ptolemy IV

[139]

Ptolemy IV (Macedonian)

[140]

[x] Loios yr 2 = 2 Tybi

pSorb inv 2337

[141]

27 Daisios yr 4 = 29 Hathyr

pEnt 17

[142]

3 Dios yr 4 = 27 Phamenoth
Phamenoth FY 5

pEnt 2+30+72

[143]

Loan made on 20 Dystros yr 5 to be repaid in Peritios yr 5
Earliest certain year change in Dystros

BGU 6.1274

[144]

Gorpaios yr 5 = Mecheir

pLille 1.4

[145]

Hyperberetaios yr 5 = Phamenoth

pLille 1.4

[146]

3 Phamenoth year 16 Ptolemy I - 26 Pharmouthi year 5 Ptolemy IV = 72 years 1 month 23 days
Birth, death and age of Anemhor II HPM

Vienna 153

[147]

13 Appelaios yr 5 = 13 Pachon

pLille 1.4

[148]

4 Audnaios yr 5 = 4 Payni, FY 6

pMich inv 6957+6961+6979

[149]

22 Mesore FY 6

pEnt 80

[150]

1 Artemisios yr 6 = 1 Phaophi

SEG 8.504a

[151]

1 Phaophi yr 8
Shipment of harvest of (financial) year 8

pStrasb 563

[152]

20 Epeiph year 13 [Ptolemy III] - 12 Payni year 8 Ptolemy IV = 18 years 5 [10] months 23 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of TaAmen

24 Payni year 8 Ptolemy IV - 26 Hathyr year 7 Ptolemy VIII = 50 years 6 [5] month 5 [7] days
Birth, death and age of Heriu II HPL

iBucheum 6+BM 378

[153]

30 Hyperberetaios yr 9 = 7 Pharmouthi

AJA 13 p408 #22

[154]

7 Epeiph yr 10 = lunar day 6 = 17 August 212

Edfu VII.6

[155]

30 Mesore
Official Birthday of Ptolemy V

OGIS 90 (Rosetta Stone)

[156]

17 Phaophi
Ptolemy V assumes kingship

OGIS 90 (Rosetta Stone)

[157]

25 Pharmouthi yr 13
First date of Ptolemy V as coregent

pGurob 12

[158]

9 Daisios yr 14 = Choiak

pEdfu 5

[159]

Ptolemy IV: 17 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[160]

Rebel years

[161]

29 Thoth yr 1
Horwennefer king at Thebes

stele dem Cairo 38.258

[162]

13 Payni yr 18
Last date for Ptolemy IV

pMed inv 83.03

[163]

Mesore yr 1
First date of Ptolemy V
Contract for taxes of (financial?) yrs 1 & 2
Last claimed use of financial year

UPZ 1.112

[164]

Ptolemy V

[165]

Rebel years

[166]

Dystros ≈ Thoth
Macedonian year mostly assimilated to Egyptian yr

[167]

14 Phamenoth year 11 [Ptolemy II] - 4 Tybi year 2 [Ptolemy V] = 69 [68] years 9 months 20 days
Birth, death and age of Kha'hapi, priest

Berlin 2118

[168]

Fudge day for Gregorian century here

[169]

Audnaios = Epeiph 15 yr 4

pTeb 820

[170]

Year 54 2nd Callipic Cycle 16 Mesore = 22 September 201
Lunar eclipse at Alexandria

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 4.11

[171]

Year 55 2nd Callipic Cycle 9 Mecheir = 19 March 200
Lunar eclipse at Alexandria

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 4.11

[172]

Year 55 2nd Callipic Cycle 5 Mesore = 11 September 200
Lunar eclipse at Alexandria

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 4.11

[173]

Payni yr 6
Last date of Horwennefer

pdem Berl Kaufv 3142+3144

[174]

Thoth yr 7
First date of Ankhwennefer

pdem Berl Kaufv 3146

[175]

4 Xandikos yr 9 = 18 Mecheir [Phaophi??]

OGIS 90 (Rosetta Stone)

[176]

Epeiph yr 14 Ankhwennefer
Last rebel date

pdem Ehev 29

[177]

Mesore yr 15
Ptolemy V in Upper Egypt

pdem Louvre 9415

[178]

24 Pharmouthi yr 17
Ptolemy V controls all Upper Egypt

SB 6.9367

[179]

13 Choiak year 19 Ptolemy V - 6 Phamenoth year 6 Ptolemy VI+VIII+Cleopatra II = 22 years 2 months 23 days
Birth, death and age of Apis born of Ta-Renenut II

Brugsch ZAS 22 no 6

[180]

23 Epeiph yr 19 = 27 August 186
Capture of Ankhwennefer

iPhilensis II

[181]

26 Daisios yr 22 = 22 Choiak

SB 5675

[182]

28 Panemos yr 28 = 28 Tybi

pMich 3.182

[183]

24 Gorpaios yr 23 = 24 Phamenoth (Pharmouthi??)

CG 5576 (Damanhur stele)

[184]

18 Dystros yr 24 = 18 Thoth

pTeb 817

[185]

Ptolemy V: 24 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[186]

2? [IV] Peret (Phamenoth) year 25 Ptolemy V - 7 Tybi year 19 Ptolemy VI = 17 years 9 months 6 days 11 hours
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Ti-Khnumt

iBucheum 8

[187]

Mesore yr 25 (retrospective)
Last date of Ptolemy V

pColl Youtie 1.12

[188]

Ptolemy VI

[189]

29 Dios yr 1 = 29 Pachons

pAmh 42

[190]

Start of Third Callippic Cycle

[191]

9 Mesore yr 3
Last date of Cleopatra I

pFreib. 3.22

[192]

9 Thoth yr 5
First date of Ptolemy VI w/o Cleopatra I

pdem BM 10230

[193]

16 Apellaios yr 5 = 19 Payni

pTeb 811

[194]

27/8 Phamenoth yr 7 = 30 Apr / 1 May 174
Lunar eclipse in Alexandria
13 Gorpaios yr 7 = 13 Phamenoth

Ptolemy, Almagest 6.5 + pTeb 818

[195]

13 Loios yr 8 = 13 Mecheir

pAmh 43

[196]

1? Peritios yr 8 = Mesore

pFreib 34

[197]

5 Apellaios yr 9 = 5 Payni

pMich 3.190

[198]

25 Apellaios yr 10 = 25 Payni

pTeb 819

[199]

11 Mesore yr 11
Last date before joint reign

pdem BM 10591

[200]

9 Xandikos = 9 Phaophi yr 1
Earliest date from joint reign
Only date from yr 1

pRyl 583

[201]

6 Hathyr yr 12
Earliest date of yr 12

pTebt 3.909

[202]

3 Epagomene yr 12
Last date of yr 12

iBucheum II 8

[203]

Ptolemy VIII

[204]

Suspended years of Ptolemy VI

[205]

13 Choiak year 19 Ptolemy V - 6 Phamenoth year 6 Ptolemy VI+VIII+Cleopatra II = 22 years 2 months 23 days
Birth, death and age of Apis born of Ta-Renenut II

Brugsch ZAS 22 no 6

[206]

21 Thoth yr 7
Last reference to joint rule

UPZ 1.110

[207]

24 Payni year 8 Ptolemy IV - 26 Hathyr year 7 Ptolemy VIII = 50 years 6 [5] month 5 [7] days
Birth, death and age of Heriu II HPL
6 Hathyr yr 7
First reference to Ptolemy VIII as sole king

BM 378+pdem Munich 4

[208]

19 Epeiph yr18
Amnesty date for crimes committed
15 Audnaios yr 18 = 15 Epeiph

UPZ 1.111+OGIS 59

[209]

4 Peritios yr 18 = 25 Mesore

UPZ 1.111

[210]

Ptolemy VI restored

[211]

Ptolemy VIII in exile

[212]

Ptolemy VIII as sole king

[213]

2? [IV] Peret (Phamenoth) year 25 Ptolemy V - 7 Tybi year 19 Ptolemy VI = 17 years 9 months 6 days 11 hours
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Ti-Khnumt

iBucheum 8

[214]

3 Phamenoth year 19 [Ptolemy VI] - 27 Mesore year 36=25 Ptolemy VIII = 17 years 5 months 20 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Ti-Khnumt

iBucheum 9

[215]

Dystros = 27 Thoth yr 22

pHamb 57

[216]

Loios = Mecheir yr 23

SB 7632

[217]

[1] Peritios yr 24 = 1 Mesore (Epeiph??)

LD 4.27b

[218]

1 Xandikos yr 26 = 25 Thoth
Last independent Macedonian Date?

UPZ 1.113

[219]

7 Tybi yr 29
Last date w/o Eupator

pKöln 3.144

[220]

8 Phamenoth yr 29
Only date with Eupator

pdem Ryl 3.16

[221]

6 Mesore yr 29
First date w/o Eupator

pdem Botti 5

[222]

Year 32 3rd Callipic Cycle = yr 178 from Alexander 3/4 Epagomene = 26/7 September 147
Autumnal equinox observed by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 3.1

[223]

Year 32 3rd Callipic Cycle = yr 178 from Alexander, 27 Mecheir = 24 March 146
Spring equinox observed by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 3.1

[224]

Year 33 3rd Callipic Cycle 4 Epagomene = 27 September 146
Autumnal equinox observed by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 3.1

[225]

Ptolemy VI: 35 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[226]

Year 1 of Syrian reign

[227]

21 Payni yr 36
Last date of Ptolemy VI
16 Payni yr 36 = 1
Only specific double date of Ptolemy VI(?)

pStrasb 21+pdem Fuad 1

[228]

11 Epeiph yr 36=25
Earliest date of returned Ptolemy VIII

Northampton et al 14c, 15c

[229]

3 Phamenoth year 19 [Ptolemy VI] - 27 Mesore year 36=25 Ptolemy VIII = 17 years 5 months 20 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Ti-Khnumt

iBucheum 9

[230]

Transition from Ptolemy VI to Ptolemy VIII

[231]

Year 36 3rd Callipic Cycle 4 Epagomene = 26 September 143
Autumnal equinox observed by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 3.1

[232]

18 Mesore yr 28 = (lunar) 23 Epeiph = 10 September 142
Year 10 Ptolemy III - Year 28 Ptolemy VIII = 95 years

Edfu VII.7+IV.7-9+IV.2

[233]

Year 37 3rd Callipic Cycle 2/3 Tybi = 27/8 January 141
Lunar eclipse at Rhodes observed by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 3.1

[234]

14 Pharmouthi yr 29
Cleopatra III not yet queen

pdem Berlin 3113

[235]

20 Choiak yr 30
Cleopatra III as queen

pdem Amh. 2.51

[236]

9 Payni yr 30 = 6 Payni (lunar) = 2 July 140

Edfu VII.8

[237]

29 Peritios yr 34 = 29 Mesore

PSI 1311

[238]

Year 43 3rd Callipic Cycle 29/30 Mecheir = 23/4 March 135
Spring equinox observed by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 3.1

[239]

10 Phaophi yr 39
Ptolemy VIII w/o Cleopatra II

pdem BM 10384

[240]

4 Epeiph yr 39
Ptolemy VIII in Thebes

odem BM 12594

[241]

26 Mesore yr 1 = yr 39
First attestation of yr 1 = yr 39

oEdfu inv. 77 bis

[242]

Cleopatra II
Harsiesi

[243]

Ptolemy VIII coinage interrupted yr 40
Cleopatra II controls Alexandria

Mørkholm ANSMN 20

[244]

10, 21 Thoth yr 2
Harsiesi controls Thebes

UPZ 2.224

[245]

17 Phaophi yr 40
Ptolemy VIII back in Thebes
29 Phaophi yr 2
Cleopatra II controls Thebes

UPZ 2.199 + UPZ 2.217

[246]

23 Choiak yr 40
Ptolemy VIII controls Thebes
20 Choiak (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 12 January 130

Chrest Wilk 1.10+pdemCair 30801

[247]

19 Tybi (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 8 February 130

pdemCair 30801

[248]

19 Mecheir (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 12 March 130

pdemCair 30801

[249]

19 Phamenoth (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 11 April 130

pdemCair 30801

[250]

18 Pharmouthi (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 9 May 130

pdemCair 30801

[251]

17 Pachon (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 8 June 130

pdemCair 30801

[252]

17 Payni (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 8 July 130

pdemCair 30801

[253]

17 Epeiph (yr 40) = phyle day 1 = 7 August 144

pdemCair 30801

[254]

27 Mesore yr 2
Last date of Harsiesi

pKarara 1,2

[255]

5 Xandikos = 5 Phaophi yr 3
Last document of Cleopatra II

pBad 2.2

[256]

Peritios yr 3 = Mesore
(anticipatory)

pBad 2.2

[257]

Cleopatra II

[258]

Year 50 3rd Callipic Cycle 1 Phamenoth = 23 March 128
Spring equinox observed by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 3.1

[259]

Year 50 3rd Callipic Cycle 16 Epeiph = 5 August 128
Solar position observation by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 5.3

[260]

18 Choiak yr 43
Ptolemy VIII not in control of Alexandria

BGU 3.993

[261]

Year 197 from death of Alexander 11 Pharmouthi = 2 May 127
Solar & lunar position observation by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 5.5

[262]

Year 197 from death of Alexander 17 Payni = 2 July 127
Solar & lunar position observation by Hipparchus

Hipparchus in Claudius Ptolemy, Almagest 5.5

[263]

Ptolemy VIII coinage resumes yr 43
Ptolemy VIII recovers Alexandria

Mørkholm ANSMN 20

[264]

4 Tybi yr 46
Ptolemy VIII + Cleopatra III

pLouvre Revillout Chrest dem 303

[265]

19 Payni yr 46
Ptolemy VIII + Cleo II + III

pBerlin 3099

[266]

1 Hathyr year 50 Ptolemy VIII - 7 [?2] Mecheir year 5 Ptolemy XII = 43 [44] years 2 month 2 [?6] days
Birth, death and age of Pedubast III HPM

Vienna 82

[267]

17 Xandikos yr 53 = 17 Mecheir
Earliest date of Dios-based Macedonian year

pTebt 25

[268]

Ptolemy VIII: 29 years
(=53-24)

Canon of Ptolemy

[269]

11 Payni yr 54
Death of Ptolemy VIII

Chassinat Edfu VII 9.3-4

[270]

Cleopatra III + Ptolemy IX
[+Cleopatra II]

[271]

9? Phaophi year 2
Cleo II + III + Ptolemy IX

pdem Ryl 3.20

[272]

18 Phamenoth yr 2
Earliest date of Cleopatra III + Ptolemy IX

pdem Cairo 30602

[273]

Ptolemy X in Cyprus

[274]

24 Gorpaios yr 9 = 24 Phamenoth

SEG 9.5 (Cyrene)

[275]

5 Phaophi yr 11
Last date of Cleopatra III + Ptolemy IX
12 Phaophi yr 8
First date of Ptolemy X
28 Phaophi yr 11 = 8
First date of Cleopatra III + Ptolemy X

BGU 3.996 + pRein 22 + pGrenf 2.23a

[276]

Cleopatra III + Ptolemy X

[277]

Ptolemy IX in exile

[278]

24 Xandikos yr 15=12 = 24 Phaophi

pTeb 105

[279]

Start of Fourth Callippic Cycle

[280]

Fudge day for Gregorian century here

[281]

28 Thoth yr 17
Last date of Ptolemy X + Cleopatra III

pAdler 11

[282]

10 Phaophi yr 14
First date of Ptolemy X [+ Berenice III]

pAdler 12

[283]

Ptolemy X alone

[284]

21 Phaophi year 25 Ptolemy X - 16 Epeiph year 11 Cleopatra VII + Ptolemy XV = 48 years 7 [9] months
Birth, death and age of Psherenptah III HPM

Ashm. 1971/18

[285]

10 Pachon yr 26 = 29
First certain date of Ptolemy X & IX

pdem Cairo 30.614

[286]

28 Mesore yr 26
Last date of Ptolemy X alone

pAmherst 51

[287]

Transition from Ptolemy X to Ptolemy IX

[288]

Transition from Ptolemy X to Ptolemy IX

[289]

21 Thoth yr 27 = 30
Last date of Ptolemy X & IX

pdem Strassburg 8

[290]

19 Phaophi yr 30
First date of Ptolemy IX alone

pBouriant 12

[291]

Year 18 (4th Callipic Cycle) [IV] Akhet 17 = 28 December 85
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[292]

Year 18 (4th Callipic Cycle) II Shomu 14 = 23 June 84
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[293]

Year 19 (4th Callipic Cycle) [IV] Akhet 6 = 17 December 84
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[294]

Year 19 (4th Callipic Cycle) I Shomu [4] = 14 May 83
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[295]

Year 20 (4th Callipic Cycle) II Akhet 26 = 7 November 83
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[296]

Year 20 (4th Callipic Cycle) [IV Peret 23] = 3 May 82
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[297]

Year 21 (4th Callipic Cycle) [II Akhet] 15 = 27 October 82
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[298]

Year 21 (4th Callipic Cycle) IV Peret 12 = 21 April 81
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[299]

28 Epeiph yr 36 = 1
Coregency of Ptolemy IX & Berenice III

iGFayum 198

[300]

Ptolemy IX: 36 years
Transition to Berenice III (coregent)

Canon of Ptolemy+iGFayum 198

[301]

Berenice III as sole ruler

No known examples yet

[302]

Year 22 (4th Callipic Cycle) II Akhet 4 = 15 October 81
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[303]

22 Hathyr yr 37
Latest date of Ptolemy IX [kings]

Brugsch ZAS 24 no 51

[304]

13 Pharmouthi yr 2 = 1
Earliest date yr 2 = 1
Year 22 (4th Callipic Cycle) IV Peret 1 = 10 April 80
Possible lunar eclipse

pGrenf II.38+pdem Berl 13146+13147

[305]

24 Mesore yr 2 = 1
Latest date yr 2 = 1

pTebt 1.102

[306]

Transition from Berenice III to Ptolemy XII

[307]

Ptolemy XI: 18/19 day reign

pOxy 19.2222+Appian Civil Wars 1.102

[308]

Year 23 (4th Callipic Cycle) I Akhet 24 = 5 October 80
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[309]

8 Tybi yr 2
First mention of Ptolemy XII + Cleopatra V

oPr Joachim 1

[310]

Year 23 (4th Callipic Cycle) [II Pe]ret 21 = 2 March 79
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[311]

Year 24 (4th Callipic Cycle) IV Shomu 19 = 26 August 79
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[312]

Year 24 (4th Callipic Cycle) II Peret 11 = 19 February 78
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[313]

Year 25 (4th Callipic Cycle) IV Shomu 8 = 15 August 78
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[314]

Year 25 (4th Callipic Cycle) II Peret 1 = 9 February 77
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[315]

Year 26 (4th Callipic Cycle) III Shomu 28 = 4 August 77
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[316]

Year 26 (4th Callipic Cycle) I Peret 20 = 28 January 76
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[317]

1 Hathyr year 50 Ptolemy VIII - 7 [?2] Mecheir year 5 Ptolemy XII = 43 [44] years 2 month 2 [?6] days
Birth, death and age of Pedubast III HPM

Vienna 82

[318]

Year 26 (4th Callipic Cycle) II Shomu 17 = 24 June 76
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[319]

Year 27 (4th Callipic Cycle) IV Akhet 9 = 19 December 76
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[320]

Year 27 (4th Callipic Cycle) II Shomu 7 = 14 June 75
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[321]

Year 28 (4th Callipic Cycle) [III Akhet 29] = 8 December 75
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[322]

Year 28 (4th Callipic Cycle) [I Shomu 27] = 4 June 74
Possible lunar eclipse

pdem Berl 13146+13147

[323]

9 Choiak year 9 Ptolemy XII - 16 Mecheir year 10 Cleopatra VII + Ptolemy XV = 30 years 2 months 6 days
Birth, death and age of Taimhotep wife of Psherenptah III HPM

BM 377

[324]

4 Mesore year 12
Latest date of Ptolemy XII + Cleopatra V

OGIS 185

[325]

24 Phaophi yr 13
Earliest date of Ptolemy XII alone

pdem Ashm 16/17

[326]

13 Pachon yr 23
Last date of Ptolemy XII before expulsion

BGU 8.1756

[327]

9 Epeiph yr 1
Earliest date of Berenice IV

BGU 8.1757

[328]

Berenice IV

[329]

Ptolemy XII in exile

[330]

1 Tybi yr 26 Ptolemy XII = 4 Cleopatra (Berenice IV) = phyle day 12 = 4 January 55
19 Tybi yr 26 Ptolemy XII = 4 Cleopatra (Berenice IV) = phyle day 1 = 22 January 55
Latest date of Berenice IV

gr Medinet Habu 43

[331]

12 Pharmouthi yr 26
Earliest date of Ptolemy XII restored
ad IX Kal Mai AUC 699 = 8 April 55
Cicero already knows

Lost statue base + Ad Att 4.10

[332]

12 Phamenoth year 28 [Ptolemy XII] - 21 Pharmouthi year 1 Caesar = 24 years 1 month 8 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Tenen

iBucheum 13

[333]

Ptolemy XII: 29 Years

Canon of Ptolemy

[334]

22 Mecheir yr 30 Ptolemy XII
Latest date of Ptolemy XII

OGIS 190

[335]

19 Phamenoth yr 1
Earliest date of Cleopatra VII (retrospective)

iBucheum 13

[336]

22 Pachon yr 30 = 1
Earliest attestation of double date

BGU 8.1829

[337]

14 Epeiph yr 30 = 1
Latest attestation of year 30 = 1
1 Epeiph yr 1 Cleopatra VII
Earliest cont. attestation of Cleopatra VII

BGU 8.1827 + iGFayum 205

[338]

Transition from Ptolemy XII to Ptolemy XIII + Cleopatra VII

[339]

Payni Year 1 (Cleopatra VII) = 3 (Ptolemy XIII)
Earliest attestation of double date

SB 9764

[340]

Mesore Year 1 (Cleopatra VII) = 3 (Ptolemy XIII)
Latest attestation of double date

BGU 8.1839

[341]

Cleopatra VII in opposition to Ptolemy XIII

[342]

14 Thoth yr 5 Ptolemy XIII & Cleopatra VII = phyle day 20

gr Medinet Habu 44

[343]

ad VI Kal Apr AUC 707 = 13 Jan 47 [= 12 Tybi year 5]
Death of Ptolemy XIII

Fasti Maffeiani

[344]

13 Epeiph yr 6 = lunar day 5 = 13 July 47

pdemCair ******

[345]

27 Gorpaios = 27 Epeiph yr 8
Last date of Cleopatra VII & Ptolemy XIV

pOxy 14.1629

[346]

Ptolemy XV recognised as coregent by Rome

Dio 47.31

[347]

9 Choiak year 9 Ptolemy XII - 16 Mecheir year 10 Cleopatra VII + Ptolemy XV = 30 years 2 months 6 days
Birth, death and age of Taimhotep wife of Psherenptah III HPM
Earliest date of Cleopatra VII + Ptolemy XV

BM 377

[348]

29 Audnaios yr 11 = 29 Hathyr

pRyl 582

[349]

19 Choiak yr 11 = phyle day 1 = 20 December 42

gr Med Habu 51

[350]

19 Tybi yr 11 = phyle day 31 = 18 January 41

gr Med Habu 51

[351]

14 Pharmouthi yr 11
Earliest date of Cleopatra VII and Ptolemy XV

SB 4.7337

[352]

21 Phaophi year 25 Ptolemy X - 16 Epeiph year 11 Cleopatra VII + Ptolemy XV = 48 years 7 [9] months
Birth, death and age of Psherenptah III HPM

Ashm. 1971/18

[353]

21 Mecheir yr 15 = phyle day 17 = 19 February 37

gr Med Habu 47

[354]

Start of Syrian regnal years

Eusebius, Chron I 169

[355]

1[5] Phaophi yr [17] = 2(?) = phyle day 1 = 15 October 36

gr Medinet Habu 48

[356]

Phamenoth yr 17=2
First attestation of double date

BGU 14.2376

[357]

Cleopatra: 22 years

Canon of Ptolemy

[358]

Accession of Augustus: Kal Sex = 6 Mesore yr 1
Day 19 of Caesar (=24 Mesore)

Temple of Dendera

[359]

"Children of Cleopatra": 18 days

Clement

[360]

Augustus
Regnal year starts on Kal Sex
Anniversary of fall of Alexandria

Dio 51.19.6

[361]

12 Phamenoth year 28 [Ptolemy XII] - 21 Pharmouthi year 1 Caesar = 24 years 1 month 8 days
Birth, death and age of Buchis born of Tenen
21 Pharmouthi yr 1 = lunar day 16 = 17 April 29

iBucheum 13

[362]

Year 2: Kal Sex = 7 Mesore
Year 1 ends on [6?] Mesore

pOxy 12.1453

[363]

Year 3: Kal Sex = 7 Mesore

[364]

Year 4: Kal Sex = 7 Mesore

[365]

Start of Fifth Callippic Cycle

[366]

Year 5: Kal Sex = 8 Mesore
Year 4 ends on 7 Mesore?

pRyl 4.601

[367]

Year 5 ends normally

SB 16.12469