1. Introduction
A. What is the Academic Integrity Tutorial?
The Academic Integrity Tutorial is designed to help you learn about issues of academic integrity. It explores plagiarism and related matters with case examples and positive strategies you can use to improve your academic efforts and avoid committing an academic offence as outlined in the Senate Policy on Academic Honesty. York’s Policy and procedures on academic honesty are featured, and the tutorial includes a self-test allowing you to gauge how well you understand issues related to academic integrity.
B. What is Academic Integrity?
Academic: adjective. 1 a scholarly; to do with learning. b of or relating to a scholarly
institution. 2 abstract; theoretical.
Integrity: noun. 1 moral uprightness; honesty. 2 wholeness; completeness. 3 soundness;
unimpaired or uncorrupted condition.
Barber, Katherine. The Canadian Oxford Dictionary. Toronto: Oxford University Press Canada, 1998.
Integrity guides choices. As a student, to have academic integrity means that you have adopted principles or standards that consistently govern how you pursue your school work. A student with academic integrity earns a degree with honest effort, and knows that this degree is a true accomplishment reflecting years of hard work and genuine learning.
Furthermore, practising academic integrity requires you to develop essential skills including research, writing, and documentation.
In a larger sense, academic integrity is the cornerstone of University life and scholarly communities. Professional academics, as in any profession, depend on each other to work with integrity in order to continually advance our understanding of the world through the development and dissemination of knowledge. Every university wants its student body to display academic integrity so that degrees from that university will be valued by employers.
C. What does this mean to me?
It is not always easy to know what choices to make in school. There are many questions with answers that may be unclear to you:
- When is it okay to use other people’s ideas?
- How can I use other people’s ideas without “cheating”?
- Can I use work I did last year in one of my courses this year?
Many students make poor choices because they do not understand how academic integrity relates to specific situations, or how to develop skills that support good choices. This tutorial is designed to help you to develop successful academic skills and learn to credit the author of any ideas you quote, paraphrase, or use as a source of information, including those from the Internet. Along the way, you may come to better understand the issues surrounding academic integrity so that you can start to answer some of these questions for yourself, and learn to recognize situations where you need to ask for guidance.
2. What is Plagiarism?
3. Case Studies
A. What are the Case Studies?
In the following pages, we will present three case studies of student writing. In each case, we will present the original source, and some writing samples using this source. Your task will be to identify which writing samples display academic integrity, which do not, and why. The correct answers are also available at the end of this document.
In the following pages, we will present three case studies of student writing. In each case, we will present the original source, and some writing samples using this source. Your task will be to identify which writing samples display academic integrity, which do not, and why. The correct answers are also available at the end of this document.
B. What Should I Look For?
Look for these clues to tell you if a writing sample displays academic integrity (good) or not (bad!):
Good: Use of a direct quotation to indicate that the words quoted were taken from another source.
Good: Use of a paraphrase that is clearly acknowledged. A paraphrase uses your own words to explain someone else’s idea or information obtained from another source. (It is often preferable to paraphrase rather than quote directly in order to emphasize the points that are particularly relevant for your argument.)
Good: Use of a signal phrase to cue the reader that the idea or information to follow was obtained from another source (example: “In his book Bird Bath Blues, Dr. Patterson claims. .”). When you quote, it is clear to the reader that you are shifting to someone else’s words; when you paraphrase, that transition is not obvious, so you must include a signal phrase with every paraphrase.
Good: Use of citations within the text to accompany each and every use of another source, whether directly quoted or paraphrased, including sources from the internet. Every citation matches a full reference in the Bibliography or Works Cited page included with your paper, al owing your readers to easily find the original source.
Bad: Copying (quoting in whole or in part without citing a reference). Anything that includes most of the words or phrases in a passage can be considered copying, even if some of the original words are omitted or changed.
Bad: Paraphrasing without acknowledgement. Failing to acknowledge a paraphrase implies that the writing represents your own original idea.
Bad: Using an idea without acknowledgement. Be careful of situations where you use another person’s idea without directly quoting or paraphrasing a specific passage of their writing. It is still necessary to acknowledge that idea, or it will appear that you are misrepresenting it as your own.
4. York’s Policy
A. The Key Points
York’s Senate Policy on Academic Honesty affirms and clarifies the general obligation
for al members of the University to maintain the highest standards of academic honesty.
In particular, the policy:
- Recognizes the general responsibility of al faculty members to foster acceptable standards of academic conduct and of students to be mindful of and abide by such standards;
- Defines the types of conduct that are regarded as offences against the standards of academic honesty, including plagiarism, cheating, impersonation, and other forms of academic misconduct;
- Defines the penalties that can be imposed on a student who is found to have committed plagiarism or any other form of academic misconduct;
- Outlines the procedures for dealing with students who are accused of violating the Senate Policy on Academic Honesty.
Did you click on the links in the key points above to get more information? You
might be tested on this material at the end of the tutorial!
B. Avoiding an Offence
In order to avoid the possibility of violating York’s Senate Policy on Academic Honesty, you should ensure that you:
1. Know about and understand the Senate Policy on Academic Honesty. (In fact, a lack of familiarity with the Senate Policy cannot be used as a defence by those accused of academic misconduct)
2. Produce honest academic work
3. Consult your instructor in instances where you are not sure whether a certain course of action would result in academic misconduct
4. Discourage others from violating standards of academic integrity. The best way to cope with the pressure of your student responsibilities is to develop strong academic skills. York offers resources to help you to develop your writing and academic skills.
5. Test Yourself
A. Overview
In this tutorial, we:
- Defined “academic integrity” as an essential quality of intellectual honesty in scholarly work, whether as a student or professional academic.
- Defined and discussed plagiarism as an activity that is not only dishonest, but also damaging to the University community, with potentially disastrous consequences for you as a student.
- Examined several case studies to show clearly what plagiarism is, and how it can be avoided.
- Investigated York’s Senate Policy on Academic Honesty, to understand its key points and how you can avoid an offense. Thank you for taking the tutorial, and good luck on the Quiz!.
B. Quiz Instructions
You can go to the links below to take the Academic Integrity Quiz. One will ask you to log in with your Passport York ID before taking you to the quiz page, while the other will take you directly to the quiz without logging in.
http://www.yorku.ca/tutorial/quizzes/ai/nologin/ai.quiz
(no login required)
https://moodle.yorku.ca/moodle/mod/quiz/view.php?id=563055 (login required)
C. Should I Log In or Not?
You should log in if you are taking the quiz as part of a class assignment. Logging in will record your participation in the quiz, and display your name on the results page.
If you do not yet have a Passport York ID, you can activate one on-line using Manage My Services.
You don’t have to log in if you are taking the quiz out of your own interest.
Taking the Quiz
1. Select an answer for every question. Unanswered questions will be scored as incorrect.
2. There are three possible question types:
Multiple Choice: click the radio button to indicate your choice. Currently, only one answer can be selected for a multiple choice question.
True/False: click the radio button to indicate your choice.
Matching Answers: select a match from the pop-up list below each item.
If you use a wheel button mouse, take care not to accidentally change your answers. Sometimes scrolling the wheel will rotate through the answers in a selection list, when you might have meant simply to scroll farther down in the quiz window.
3. Click on the Submit button at the bottom of the page to have your answers graded.
4. You will be shown your results, including your score and any feedback offered by the author of the quiz. You might wish to print this page for your own records. At this stage, you might be able to check your answers: see below.
5. If you want to try to get a better score, click the Try Again button at the bottom of the results page. You can try the quiz as many times as you like.
6. If you are completing the quiz as part of a class assignment, use the Print command from your web browser to print the results page for your instructor, and for your own records.
Checking Your Answers
1. Depending on how the quiz is configured, you might be al owed to check your answers.
2. Click on the Check Answers button at the bottom of the results page. A new browser window will open. (If you do not see the “Check Answers” button, it means that you are not al owed to check your answers for that quiz.)
3. Each question is preceded by the word “correct” or “incorrect”, and the answer you gave is shown.
4. The author of the quiz may have helpful comments for each question. Be sure to check for this feedback.
5. Close this browser window when you are done checking your answers.
6. Resources
York’s Resources for Students on Writing and Academic Skill’s Citation Style Guides and Writers’ Manuals
http:/www.library.yorku.ca/ccm/Home/ResearchAndInstruction/StyleManuals/
Faculty of Arts Centre for Academic Writing
http:/www.arts.yorku.ca/caw/
Atkinson’s Essay Tutoring Centre
http:/www.atkinson.yorku.ca/Writing/tutoring.html
Glendon College Counselling and Career Centre
http:/www.glendon.yorku.ca/counseling/
Bethune College Writing Centre
http:/www.yorku.ca/bethune/bethunewriting.html
Environmental Studies Writing Program
http:/www.yorku.ca/fes/services/writing.html
CDC Learning Skills Program
https://www.yorku.ca/cdc/lsp/index.html
ESL Open Learning Centre
http:/www.yorku.ca/eslolc/
York Libraries On-line Help with Research
http://www.library.yorku.ca/ccm/Home/ResearchAndInstruction/index.html