Unexpected diversity of light-sensing proteins goes beyond vision in frogs

This Thursday marks the first day of summer in the Northern hemisphere, the longest day of the year. Living beings have evolved over many millennia to react to varying amounts of sunlight exposure, governing everything from sleep-wake cycles, seasonal changes and more, but the proteins responsible for responding to different light environments for non-visual purposes are an underexplored area of science. New research led by a York University Faculty of Science professor and former York researcher found that frogs have maintained a shocking number, and diversity, of these light-sensing proteins, called opsins, over evolutionary time.