Virginia Torrie

Protecting Trade-mark Distinctiveness: The Risk of Dilution as Illustrated by the Genericism of Geographical Indicators

The proposition that consumers are confused by the use of geographical indicators (GIs) by producers other than those from the specified geographic region is arguably a weak one. Evidence that GIs have become generic terms in many countries bolsters this argument because consumers generally do not consider generic marks to be indicia of source. However, […]

Targeting Individuals: Targeted Advertising on Online Social Networks

Advertising has always been, or has tried to be, “targeted” at potential and existing customers. The entire purpose of advertising has, and continues to be, to communicate the virtues of a product or services to consumers in the marketplace in an effort to turn potential consumers into actual customers. In the past, this type of […]