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Constitutional law

R v Bykovets: Police Protocol for Internet Protocol

In R v Bykovets, 2024 SCC 6, the Supreme Court of Canada (“SCC”) decided that Canadians have a reasonable expectation of privacy in their Internet Protocol (“IP”) addresses. As a result, law enforcement and investigative agencies will require judicial authorization to compel disclosure of IP addresses, or else be found to breach section 8 of […]

APPEAL WATCH: JHS v the Government of Saskatchewan on Inmate Discipline Regimes

The Supreme Court of Canada (“SCC”) is set to hear an appeal out of the Court of Appeal for Saskatchewan (“SKCA”) on inmate discipline regimes in the case of John Howard Society of Saskatchewan v The Government of Saskatchewan (The Attorney General for Saskatchewan), 2022 SKCA 144 [JHS]. 

Teachers, Math Tests, and Racism? Ontario Teacher Candidates’ Council v Ontario

In Ontario Teacher Candidates’ Council v Ontario (Education), 2023 ONCA 788 [OTCC], the Ontario Court of Appeal ("ONCA") overturned a Divisional Court decision deeming Ontario’s Math Proficiency Test ("MPT"), aimed at incoming teaching candidates, constitutional and not contrary to s 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms ("Charter"). 

APPEAL WATCH: SCC to Rule on Fair Funding of Indigenous Police Services

In Takuhikan c Procureur général du Québec, 2022 QCCA 1699, [Takuhikan], the Court of Appeal of Québec (“QCCA”) held that the governments of Canada and Québec breached their honour of the Crown obligations to a First Nation by knowingly underfunding the latter’s Indigenous police service and refusing to fund it to the same level as […]

APPEAL WATCH: Third Party Political Ad Spending Returns to the SCC Docket

On November 9, 2023 the Supreme Court of Canada (the “SCC”, or the “Court”) granted the Attorney General of Ontario's application for leave to appeal [40725] from Working Families Coalition (Canada) Inc. v. Ontario (Attorney General), 2023 ONCA 139 [WFC ONCA]. This case will provide the SCC with its first opportunity in almost two decades […]

Unconstitutional in Part: Reference re Impact Assessment Act

Last month, in Reference re Impact Assessment Act, 2023 SCC 23 [“IAA Reference”], the Supreme Court of Canada (the “Court” or “SCC”) held that the bulk of the federal Impact Assessment Act, S.C. 2019, c. 28, s. 1 (the “Act” or the “IAA”) is unconstitutional because it exceeded the powers allocated to Parliament under s. […]

Appeal Watch: Is a closing window to address a future safety risk urgent? R v Campbell

The Ontario Court of Appeal (“ONCA”) applied the rapidly developing law surrounding the expectation of privacy in cell phones and police operations in R v Campbell, 2022 ONCA 666 [Campbell, ONCA]. The ONCA affirmed that people have a reasonable expectation of privacy in their text messages when the police legally seize any cell phone containing […]

Enforcing Informal Domestic Contracts: Anderson v Anderson

In Anderson v Anderson, 2023 SCC 13  [Anderson], the Supreme Court of Canada (“SCC”) clarified the approach to considering non-presumptively enforceable domestic contracts. In partially departing from the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal, the Court unanimously ruled that while the overarching principles established in Miglin v Miglin, 2003 SCC 24 [Miglin], can be used in the […]

Valid and Operative Division of Powers: Murray‑Hall v Quebec (Attorney General)

In Murray‑Hall v Quebec (Attorney General), 2023 SCC 10 [Murray-Hall], a unanimous Supreme Court of Canada (“SCC”) held that Quebec legislation prohibiting possession of cannabis plants for personal cultivation or use can coexist with a federal law permitting possession up to four plants.