The quality of cardiac rehabilitation programs across Canada is strong, with specific criteria areas now identified as requiring further enhancement to improve patient outcomes, according to a new study conducted by researchers at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, York University and the University Health Network (UHN).
Sherry Grace
“We are the first to comprehensively assess cardiac rehabilitation quality – what we are doing well and where we should do better – to this degree across the country,” says York University kinesiology and health science Professor Sherry Grace, who is the study's author and the director of research at the GoodLife Fitness Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit at UHN.
“Being able to rigorously evaluate and compare across cardiac rehabilitation programs nationally means gaps can be addressed and changes made to ultimately benefit patients who have heart disease,” she says.
Set to be published in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology, the study measured 14 key quality indicators in 10 cardiac rehabilitation programs across Canada, assessing more than 5,500 cardiac patients. The criteria examined included: accessibility, wait times, referrals, secondary prevention, behaviour changes and psychosocial measures.
“Recovery from a heart attack, open heart surgery or other related procedures improves substantially when a patient participates fully in a cardiac rehabilitation program,” says Dr. Barry Rubin, medical director, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre. “With tens of thousands of new patients across Canada being treated for heart disease each year, it is imperative that patients participate in the program of exercise and education that form the basis for cardiac rehab as part of their recovery to prevent their risk of experiencing another serious cardiac event. This leading-edge study makes that goal more attainable,” he says.
The study found that cardiac rehabilitation programs are successful in assessing patients’ body composition (85 per cent), measuring blood pressure (90 per cent), increasing exercise capacity (68 per cent) and offering cessation therapy to patients who smoke (61 per cent). Areas requiring improvement included measuring blood sugar in patients with diabetes (23 per cent) and assessment of depression (13 per cent).
Research has shown that heart patients who engage in cardiac rehab are 25 per cent less likely to die than patients who do not participate in cardiac rehab. At the same time, only about 30 per cent of heart patients who are hospitalized and who qualify to participate in a cardiac rehab program actually do so.
The United States and Europe have also developed some quality indicators for cardiac rehab. Canada is the first country to nationally assess program quality.
The study was funded in part by the BRIDGE Project, managed by the Canadian Cardiovascular Society, and funded by the Public Health Agency of Canada.